{"id":22301,"date":"2019-10-02T16:36:24","date_gmt":"2019-10-02T09:36:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hmm88i.com\/drug\/?p=22301"},"modified":"2019-10-02T16:37:16","modified_gmt":"2019-10-02T09:37:16","slug":"oseltamivir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hmm88i.com\/drug\/oseltamivir\/","title":{"rendered":"Oseltamivir"},"content":{"rendered":"

Oseltamivir<\/a><\/strong> l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00fam A v\u00e0 c\u00fam B v\u1edbi bi\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Tamiflu.\u00a0Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t Oseltamivir<\/strong>: Oseltamivir l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c g\u00ec<\/strong>?\u00a0T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Oseltamivir<\/strong>? Li\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Oseltamivir l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

Oseltamivir<\/strong>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean Tamiflu, l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf neurominidase \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1ng, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1eafc c\u00fam A v\u00e0 c\u00fam B. Thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong v\u00f2ng 48 gi\u1edd k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, d\u00f9ng c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

Oseltamivir \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1999. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2016, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 249 t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u1edbi h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

\"Tamiflu
Bi\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u1ee3c Tamiflu 75mg<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c Oseltamivir<\/h2>\n

Sau khi v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, Oseltamivir<\/strong> l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 th\u00e0nh Oseltamivir carboxylat. Oseltamivir carboxylat l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc enzym neurominidase c\u1ee7a virus l\u00e0 enzym c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t virus m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 lan truy\u1ec1n kh\u1eafp c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c virus m\u1edbi x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00e0nh. Do chu k\u1ef3 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean c\u1ee7a virus l\u00e0 24 – 72 ti\u1ebfng sau khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00ean Oseltamivir ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5p \u1edf virus c\u00fam A nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf virus c\u00fam B.<\/p>\n

D\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n

H\u1ea5p thu: Oseltamivir \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p thu m\u1ea1nh \u1edf \u1ed1ng ti\u00eau ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 \u1edf gan th\u00e0nh Oseltamivir carboxylat, th\u1ee9c \u0103n kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea5p thu thu\u1ed1c. Sinh kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 75mg l\u00e0 > 75%.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1: 3% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Oseltamivir carboxylat v\u00e0 42% d\u1ea1ng thu\u1ed1c nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n g\u1eafn v\u1edbi protein huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Oseltamivir carboxylat v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 23-26 l\u00edt<\/p>\n

Chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb: Th\u1eddi gian b\u00e1n th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Oseltamivir l\u00e0 1-3 gi\u1edd trong khi ch\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 Oseltamivir carboxylat c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian b\u00e1n th\u1ea3i 6-10 gi\u1edd, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o th\u1ea3i qua n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ebfn 99%.<\/p>\n

N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 thu\u1ed1c trong m\u00e1u t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gan, th\u1eadn do \u0111\u00f3 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh li\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h2>\n

– C\u00fam typ A (bao g\u1ed3m c\u00fam H5<\/sub>N1<\/sub> truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb gia c\u1ea7m sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi) v\u00e0 C\u00fam typ B c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 48 gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n

– D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00fam cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean 13 tu\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh<\/p>\n

\"Oseltamivir
Oseltamivir \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00fam A H5N1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Li\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng<\/h2>\n

– \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00fam typ A v\u00e0 c\u00fam typ B: Ph\u1ea3i u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ee7 li\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi gian quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Li\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em tr\u00ean 12 tu\u1ed5i: M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n 75mg, 12 gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n trong 5 ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n

Li\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng cho tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 1-12 tu\u1ed5i: c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 15kg: 30mg\/l\u1ea7n\/12 gi\u1edd; c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb 16-23 kg: 45mg\/l\u1ea7n\/12 gi\u1edd; c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb 24-40kg: 60mg\/l\u1ea7n\/12 gi\u1edd; tr\u00ean 40kg t\u00ednh theo li\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn<\/p>\n

Li\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng cho tr\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1edbi 12 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i: D\u00f9ng 2 l\u1ea7n trong 5 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 1 l\u1ea7n trong 10 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng: Tr\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1edbi 1 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i: 2mg\/kg; 1-3 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i: 2.5mg\/kg; 3-12 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i: 3mg\/kg.<\/p>\n

– D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00fam cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean 13 tu\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh: U\u1ed1ng 75mg ng\u00e0y 1 l\u1ea7n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t trong 7 ng\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu trong v\u00f9ng d\u1ecbch u\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f2ng 6 tu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u1eadn c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m li\u1ec1u theo ClCr.<\/sub><\/p>\n

– Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m li\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

\"D\u1ecbch
D\u1ecbch c\u00fam A H5N1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Oseltamivir<\/h2>\n

T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o li\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng<\/p>\n

R\u1ea5t hay g\u1eb7p:<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 ti\u00eau ho\u00e1: n\u00f4n<\/p>\n

Hay g\u1eb7p:<\/p>\n